Human Temporomandibular Joint Motion: A Synthesis Approach for Designing a Six-Bar Kinematic Simulator

Abstract The human earcanal can accommodate several types of in-ear devices including hearing aids, earphones, protectors, and earplugs. This canal-type home has a neighbor called the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) whose movements slightly deform shape earcanal. While these cyclic deformations influence positioning, comfort, functioning ear-fitted devices, they also provide significant amount energy to harvest. Given their importance, TMJ have been well studied. However, mutual actions are still not fully understood. paper presents development six-bar kinematic simulator capable replicating complicated motion jaw. relies on two-phase mechanism design algorithm numerically optimize analytically synthesize linkage mechanisms for which classical optimization approaches cannot return converged solution. proposed enables generate path with an average error as low 1.65% while respecting all hinge-axis parameters be subsequently used solve nonlinear complex synthesis problems, ultimately, developed further investigate TMJ–earcanal interactions.